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Availability Zone
A provider-assigned identifier for a physically separated and isolated area within a Region that provides high availability and fault tolerance.
Locationv1.0v1.1×Availability Zone
LocationDescription: An availability zone is a provider-assigned identifier for a physically separated and isolated area within a Region that provides high availability and fault tolerance. Availability Zone is commonly used for scenarios like analyzing cross-zone data transfer usage and the corresponding cost based on where resources are deployed.
Column ID: AvailabilityZone
Display Name: Availability Zone
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Billed Cost
A charge serving as the basis for invoicing, inclusive of all reduced rates and discounts while excluding the amortization of upfront charges (one-time or recurring).
Costsv1.0v1.1×Billed Cost
CostsDescription: The billed cost represents a charge serving as the basis for invoicing, inclusive of the impacts of all reduced rates and discounts while excluding the amortization of relevant purchases (one-time or recurring) paid to cover future eligible charges. This cost is denominated in the Billing Currency. The Billed Cost is commonly used to perform FinOps capabilities that require cash-basis accounting such as cost allocation, budgeting, and invoice reconciliation.
Column ID: BilledCost
Display Name: Billed Cost
Related Use Cases
Report costs by service category and subcategory Analyze capacity reservations on compute costs Identify unused capacity reservations Report refunds by subaccount within a billing period Report recurring charges for commitment-based discounts over a period Analyze costs by service name Report spending across billing periods for a provider by service category Report costs by service category Report refunds in a billing period Report commitment discount purchases Update budgets for each application Update budgets with billed costs Forecast cashflow month over month based on historical trends by service Verify all discounts were applied Verify accuracy of services charges across providers Verify accuracy of provider invoices Identify unused commitments Allocate multi-currency charges per application Compare billed cost per subaccount to budgetRelated Capabilities
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Billing Account ID
The identifier assigned to a billing account by the provider.
Account HierarchyBillingv1.0v1.1×Billing Account ID
Account HierarchyBillingDescription: A Billing Account ID is a provider-assigned identifier for a billing account. Billing accounts are commonly used for scenarios like grouping based on organizational constructs, invoice reconciliation and cost allocation strategies.
Column ID: BillingAccountId
Display Name: Billing Account ID
Related Use Cases
Analyze capacity reservations on compute costs Identify unused capacity reservations Report refunds by subaccount within a billing period Report spending across billing periods for a provider by service category Report refunds in a billing period Report commitment discount purchases Verify all discounts were applied Verify accuracy of services charges across providers Verify accuracy of provider invoices Identify unused commitments Allocate multi-currency charges per applicationRelated Capabilities
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Billing Account Name
The display name assigned to a billing account.
Account HierarchyBillingv1.0v1.1×Billing Account Name
Account HierarchyBillingDescription: A Billing Account Name is a display name assigned to a billing account. Billing accounts are commonly used for scenarios like grouping based on organizational constructs, invoice reconciliation and cost allocation strategies.
Column ID: BillingAccountName
Display Name: Billing Account Name
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Billing Currency
Represents the currency that a charge was billed in.
Billingv1.0v1.1×Billing Currency
BillingDescription: Billing currency is an identifier that represents the currency that a charge for resources or services was billed in. Billing Currency is commonly used in scenarios where costs need to be grouped or aggregated.
Column ID: BillingCurrency
Display Name: Billing Currency
Related Use Cases
Report costs by service category and subcategory Report spending across billing periods for a provider by service category Report costs by service category Verify all discounts were applied Verify accuracy of services charges across providers Verify accuracy of provider invoices Allocate multi-currency charges per applicationRelated Capabilities
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Billing Period End
The exclusive end date and time of a billing period.
Billingv1.0v1.1×Billing Period End
BillingDescription: Billing Period End represents the exclusive end date and time of a billing period. For example, a time period where BillingPeriodStart is ‘2024-01-01T00:00:00Z’ and BillingPeriodEnd is ‘2024-02-01T00:00:00Z’ includes charges for January, since BillingPeriodStart is inclusive, but does not include charges for February since BillingPeriodEnd is exclusive.
Column ID: BillingPeriodEnd
Display Name: Billing Period End
Related Use Cases
Report costs by service category and subcategory Report service costs by providers subaccount Report costs by service category Report refunds in a billing period Report effective cost of compute Update budgets for each application Update budgets with billed costs Get historical usage and rates to enable cost forecasting Forecast cashflow month over month based on historical trends by service Forecast amortized costs month over month based on historical trends Verify all discounts were applied Verify accuracy of services charges across providers Verify accuracy of provider invoices Allocate multi-currency charges per applicationRelated Capabilities
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Billing Period Start
The inclusive start date and time of a billing period.
Billingv1.0v1.1×Billing Period Start
BillingDescription: Billing Period Start represents the inclusive start date and time of a billing period. For example, a time period where BillingPeriodStart is ‘2024-01-01T00:00:00Z’ and BillingPeriodEnd is ‘2024-02-01T00:00:00Z’ includes charges for January, since BillingPeriodStart is inclusive, but does not include charges for February since BillingPeriodEnd is exclusive.
Column ID: BillingPeriodStart
Display Name: Billing Period Start
Related Use Cases
Report costs by service category and subcategory Report refunds by subaccount within a billing period Report recurring charges for commitment-based discounts over a period Analyze costs by service name Report spending across billing periods for a provider by service category Analyze service costs by region Report service costs by providers subaccount Report application cost month over month Report costs by service category Report refunds in a billing period Report effective cost of compute Analyze costs by availability zone for a subaccount Update budgets for each application Update budgets with billed costs Get historical usage and rates to enable cost forecasting Forecast cashflow month over month based on historical trends by service Forecast amortized costs month over month based on historical trends Verify all discounts were applied Verify accuracy of services charges across providers Verify accuracy of provider invoices Allocate multi-currency charges per applicationRelated Capabilities
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Capacity Reservation ID
The identifier assigned to a capacity reservation by the provider.
Resource Informationv1.1×Capacity Reservation ID
Resource InformationDescription: A Capacity Reservation ID is the identifier assigned to a capacity reservation by the provider. Capacity Reservation ID is commonly used for scenarios to allocate charges for capacity reservation usage.
Column ID: CapacityReservationId
Display Name: Capacity Reservation ID
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Capacity Reservation Status
Indicates whether the charge represents either the consumption of a capacity reservation or when a capacity reservation is unused.
Resource Informationv1.1×Capacity Reservation Status
Resource InformationDescription: Capacity Reservation Status indicates whether the charge represents either the consumption of the capacity reservation identified in the CapacityReservationId column or when the capacity reservation is unused.
Column ID: CapacityReservationStatus
Display Name: Capacity Reservation Status
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Charge Category
Indicates whether the row represents an upfront or recurring fee, cost of usage that already occurred, an after-the-fact adjustment (e.g., credits), or taxes.
Chargev1.0v1.1×Charge Category
ChargeDescription: A Charge Category is the highest level classification for the type of charge that the billing row represents. The Charge Category is commonly used to identify prepaid purchases separately from usage-based charges or to separate charges that may require special handling from regular usage.
Column ID: ChargeCategory
Display Name: Charge Category
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Charge Class
Indicates whether the row represents a regular charge or a correction to one or more previous charges, its primary use is for differentiating refunds from normal usage.
Chargev1.0v1.1×Charge Class
ChargeDescription: A Charge Class indicates whether the row represents a regular charge or a correction to one or more previous charges. Charge Class is commonly used to differentiate refunds from regularly incurred charges.
Column ID: ChargeClass
Display Name: Charge Class
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Charge Description
Self-contained summary of the charge's purpose and price.
Chargev1.0v1.1×Charge Description
ChargeDescription: A Charge Description provides a high-level context of a row without requiring additional discovery. This column is a self- contained summary of the charge’s purpose and price. It typically covers a select group of corresponding details across a billing dataset or provides information not otherwise available.
Column ID: ChargeDescription
Display Name: Charge Description
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Charge Frequency
Indicates how often a charge will occur.
Chargev1.0v1.1×Charge Frequency
ChargeDescription: Charge Frequency indicates how often a charge will occur. Along with the charge period related columns, the Charge Frequency is commonly used to understand recurrence periods (e.g., monthly, yearly), forecast upcoming charges, and differentiate between one-time and recurring fees for purchases.
Column ID: ChargeFrequency
Display Name: Charge Frequency
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Charge Period End
The exclusive end date and time of a charge period.
Chargev1.0v1.1×Charge Period End
ChargeDescription: Charge Period End represents the exclusive end date and time of a charge period. For example, a time period where ChargePeriodStart is ‘2024-01-01T00:00:00Z’ and ChargePeriodEnd is ‘2024-01-02T00:00:00Z’ includes charges for January 1, since ChargePeriodStart is inclusive, but does not include charges for January 2 since ChargePeriodEnd is exclusive.
Column ID: ChargePeriodEnd
Display Name: Charge Period End
Related Use Cases
Analyze tag coverage Analyze capacity reservations on compute costs Identify unused capacity reservations Report spending across billing periods for a provider by service category Analyze costs of components of a resource Report commitment discount purchases Determine Effective Savings Rate by Service Determine Effective Savings Rate Analyze the different metered costs for a particular SKU Analyze resource costs by SKU Analyze marketplace vendors costs Analyze cost per compute service for a subaccount Analyze costs by availability zone for a subaccount Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount, region, and service Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount and region Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount Report subaccounts by region Compare resource usage month over month Analyze service costs by subaccount Identify unused commitments Compare billed cost per subaccount to budgetRelated Capabilities
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Charge Period Start
The inclusive start date and time within a charge period.
Chargev1.0v1.1×Charge Period Start
ChargeDescription: Charge Period Start represents the inclusive start date and time within a charge period. For example, a time period where ChargePeriodStart is ‘2024-01-01T00:00:00Z’ and ChargePeriodEnd is ‘2024-01-02T00:00:00Z’ includes charges for January 1, since ChargePeriodStart is inclusive, but does not include charges for January 2 since ChargePeriodEnd is exclusive.
Column ID: ChargePeriodStart
Display Name: Charge Period Start
Related Use Cases
Analyze tag coverage Analyze capacity reservations on compute costs Identify unused capacity reservations Report spending across billing periods for a provider by service category Report service costs by providers subaccount Analyze service costs month over month Analyze costs of components of a resource Report commitment discount purchases Determine Effective Savings Rate by Service Determine Effective Savings Rate Analyze the different metered costs for a particular SKU Analyze resource costs by SKU Analyze marketplace vendors costs Analyze cost per compute service for a subaccount Analyze costs by availability zone for a subaccount Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount, region, and service Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount and region Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount Report subaccounts by region Compare resource usage month over month Analyze service costs by subaccount Identify unused commitments Compare billed cost per subaccount to budgetRelated Capabilities
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Commitment Discount Category
Indicates whether the commitment-based discount identified in the CommitmentDiscountId column is based on usage quantity or cost (a.k.a. "spend").
Commitment Discountsv1.0v1.1×Commitment Discount Category
Commitment DiscountsDescription: Commitment Discount Category indicates whether the commitment-based discount identified in the CommitmentDiscountId column is based on usage quantity or cost (aka “spend”).
Column ID: CommitmentDiscountCategory
Display Name: Commitment Discount Category
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Commitment Discount ID
The identifier assigned to a commitment-based discount by the provider.
Commitment Discountsv1.0v1.1×Commitment Discount ID
Commitment DiscountsDescription: A Commitment Discount ID is the identifier assigned to a commitment-based discount by the provider. Commitment Discount ID is commonly used for scenarios like chargeback for commitments and savings per commitment-based discount.
Column ID: CommitmentDiscountId
Display Name: Commitment Discount ID
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Commitment Discount Name
The display name assigned to a commitment-based discount.
Commitment Discountsv1.0v1.1×Commitment Discount Name
Commitment DiscountsDescription: A Commitment Discount Name is the display name assigned to a commitment-based discount.
Column ID: CommitmentDiscountName
Display Name: Commitment Discount Name
Related Use Cases
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Commitment Discount Quantity
The amount of a commitment discount purchased or accounted for in commitment discount related rows that is denominated in Commitment Discount Units.
Commitment Discountsv1.1×Commitment Discount Quantity
Commitment DiscountsDescription: Commitment Discount Quantity is the amount of a commitment discount purchased or accounted for in commitment discount related rows that is denominated in Commitment Discount Units. The aggregated Commitment Discount Quantity across purchase records, pertaining to a particular Commitment Discount ID during its term, represents the total Commitment Discount Units acquired with that commitment discount. For committed usage, the Commitment Discount Quantity is either the number of Commitment Discount Units consumed by a row that is covered by a commitment discount or is the unused portion of a commitment discount over a charge period. Commitment Discount Quantity is commonly used in commitment discount analysis and optimization use cases and only applies to commitment discounts, not negotiated discounts.
When CommitmentDiscountCategory is “Usage” (usage-based commitment discounts), the Commitment Discount Quantity reflects the predefined amount of usage purchased or consumed. If commitment discount flexibility is applicable, this value may be further transformed based on additional, provider-specific requirements. When CommitmentDiscountCategory is “Spend” (spend-based commitment discounts), the Commitment Discount Quantity reflects the predefined amount of spend purchased or consumed.
Column ID: CommitmentDiscountQuantity
Display Name: Commitment Discount Quantity
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Commitment Discount Status
Indicates whether the charge corresponds with the consumption of a commitment-based discount or the unused portion of the committed amount.
Commitment Discountsv1.0v1.1×Commitment Discount Status
Commitment DiscountsDescription: Commitment Discount Status indicates whether the charge corresponds with the consumption of the commitment-based discount identified in the CommitmentDiscountId column or the unused portion of the committed amount.
Column ID: CommitmentDiscountStatus
Display Name: Commitment Discount Status
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Commitment Discount Type
A provider-assigned identifier for the type of commitment-based discount applied to the row.
Commitment Discountsv1.0v1.1×Commitment Discount Type
Commitment DiscountsDescription: Commitment Discount Type is a provider-assigned name to identify the type of commitment-based discount applied to the row.
Column ID: CommitmentDiscountType
Display Name: Commitment Discount Type
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Commitment Discount Unit
The provider-specified measurement unit indicating how a provider measures the Commitment Discount Quantity of a commitment discount.
Commitment Discountsv1.1×Commitment Discount Unit
Commitment DiscountsDescription: Commitment Discount Unit represents the provider-specified measurement unit indicating how a provider measures the Commitment Discount Quantity of a commitment discount. The CommitmentDiscountUnit column is only applicable to commitment discounts and not negotiated discounts.
Column ID: CommitmentDiscountUnit
Display Name: Commitment Discount Unit
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Consumed Quantity
The volume of a given SKU associated with a resource or service used or purchased, based on the Usage Unit.
Usagev1.0v1.1×Consumed Quantity
UsageDescription: The volume of a given SKU associated with a resource or service used, based on the Consumed Unit.
Column ID: ConsumedQuantity
Display Name: Consumed Quantity
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Consumed Unit
Provider-specified measurement unit indicating how a provider measures usage (or purchase) of a given SKU associated with a resource or service.
Usagev1.0v1.1×Consumed Unit
UsageDescription: The Consumed Unit represents a provider-specified measurement unit indicating how a provider measures usage of a given SKU associated with a resource or service. Consumed Unit complements the Consumed Quantity metric. It is often listed at a finer granularity or over a different time interval when compared to Pricing Unit (complementary to Pricing Quantity), and focuses on resource and service consumption, not pricing and cost.
Column ID: ConsumedUnit
Display Name: Consumed Unit
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Contracted Cost
Cost calculated by multiplying contracted unit price and the corresponding Pricing Quantity.
Costsv1.0v1.1×Contracted Cost
CostsDescription: Contracted Cost represents the cost calculated by multiplying contracted unit price and the corresponding Pricing Quantity. Contracted Cost is denominated in the Billing Currency and is commonly used for calculating savings based on negotiation activities, by comparing it with List Cost. If negotiated discounts are not applicable, the Contracted Cost defaults to the List Cost.
Column ID: ContractedCost
Display Name: Contracted Cost
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Contracted Unit Price
The agreed-upon unit price for a single Pricing Unit of the associated SKU, inclusive of negotiated discounts, if present, while excluding negotiated commitment-based discounts or any other discounts.
Pricingv1.0v1.1×Contracted Unit Price
PricingDescription: The Contracted Unit Price represents the agreed-upon unit price for a single Pricing Unit of the associated SKU, inclusive of negotiated discounts, if present, while excluding negotiated commitment-based discounts or any other discounts. This price is denominated in the Billing Currency. The Contracted Unit Price is commonly used for calculating savings based on negotiation activities. If negotiated discounts are not applicable, the Contracted Unit Price defaults to the List Unit Price.
Column ID: ContractedUnitPrice
Display Name: Contracted Unit Price
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Effective Cost
Cost inclusive of the impacts of all reduced rates and discounts, augmented with the amortization of relevant purchases (one-time or recurring) paid to cover future eligible charges.
Costsv1.0v1.1×Effective Cost
CostsDescription: Effective Cost represents a cost inclusive of the impacts of all reduced rates and discounts, augmented with the amortization of relevant purchases (one-time or recurring) paid to cover future eligible charges. The amortized portion included should be proportional to the Pricing Quantity and the time granularity of the data.
Effective Cost does not mix or “blend” costs across multiple charges of the same service. This cost is denominated in the Billing Currency. The Effective Cost is commonly utilized to track and analyze spending trends.
This column resolves two challenges that are faced by practitioners:
- Practitioners need to amortize relevant purchases, such as up front fees, throughout the commitment and distribute them to the appropriate reporting groups (e.g. tags, resources).
- Many commitment-based discount constructs include a recurring expense for the commitment for every billing period and must distribute this cost to the resources using the commitment. This forces reconciliation between the initial commitment row per period and the actual usage rows.
Column ID: EffectiveCost
Display Name: Effective Cost
Concerning Granularity and Distribution of Recurring Fee
Providers should distribute the commitment purchase amount instead of including a row at the beginning of a period so practitioners do not need to manually distribute the fee themselves.
Concerning Amortization Approaches
Eligible purchases should be amortized using a methodology determined by the provider that reflects the needs of their customer base and is proportional to the Pricing Quantity and the time granularity of the row. Should a practitioner desire to amortize relevant purchases using a different approach, the practitioner can do so using the Billed Cost for the line item representing the initial purchase.
Related Use Cases
Analyze tag coverage Analyze capacity reservations on compute costs Identify unused capacity reservations Analyze costs by service name Analyze service costs by region Report service costs by providers subaccount Analyze service costs month over month Analyze costs of components of a resource Report effective cost of compute Determine Effective Savings Rate by Service Determine Effective Savings Rate Analyze the different metered costs for a particular SKU Analyze resource costs by SKU Analyze marketplace vendors costs Analyze cost per compute service for a subaccount Analyze costs by availability zone for a subaccount Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount, region, and service Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount and region Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount Get historical usage and rates to enable cost forecasting Forecast amortized costs month over month based on historical trends Verify all discounts were applied Analyze service costs by subaccount Identify unused commitmentsRelated Capabilities
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Invoice Issuer
The name of the entity responsible for invoicing for the resources or services consumed.
BillingLineage of Chargev1.0v1.1×Invoice Issuer
BillingLineage of ChargeDescription: An Invoice Issuer is an entity responsible for invoicing for the resources or services consumed. It is commonly used for cost analysis and reporting scenarios.
ColumnID: InvoiceIssuerName
Display Name: Invoice Issuer
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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List Cost
Cost calculated by multiplying List Unit Price and the corresponding Pricing Quantity.
Costsv1.0v1.1×List Cost
CostsDescription: List Cost represents the cost calculated by multiplying the list unit price and the corresponding Pricing Quantity. List Cost is denominated in the Billing Currency and is commonly used for calculating savings based on various rate optimization activities, by comparing it with Billed Cost and Effective Cost.
Column ID: ListCost
Display Name: List Cost
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List Unit Price
The suggested provider-published unit price for a single Pricing Unit of the associated SKU, exclusive of any discounts.
Pricingv1.0v1.1×List Unit Price
PricingDescription: The List Unit Price represents the suggested provider-published unit price for a single Pricing Unit of the associated SKU, exclusive of any discounts. This price is denominated in the Billing Currency. The List Unit Price is commonly used for calculating savings based on various rate optimization activities.
Column ID: ListUnitPrice
Display Name: List Unit Price
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Pricing Category
Describes the pricing model used for a charge at the time of use or purchase.
Pricingv1.0v1.1×Pricing Category
PricingDescription: Pricing Category describes the pricing model used for a charge at the time of use or purchase. It can be useful for distinguishing between charges incurred at the list unit price or a reduced price and exposing optimization opportunities, like increasing commitment-based discount coverage.
Column ID: PricingCategory
Display Name: Pricing Category
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Pricing Quantity
The volume of a given SKU associated with a resource or service used or purchased, based on the Pricing Unit.
Pricingv1.0v1.1×Pricing Quantity
PricingDescription: The Pricing Quantity represents the volume of a given SKU associated with a resource or service used or purchased, based on the Pricing Unit. Distinct from Usage Quantity (complementary to Usage Unit), it focuses on pricing and cost, not resource and service consumption.
Column ID: PricingQuantity
Display Name: Pricing Quantity
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Pricing Unit
Provider-specified measurement unit for determining unit prices, indicating how the provider rates measured usage and purchase quantities after applying pricing rules like block pricing.
Pricingv1.0v1.1×Pricing Unit
PricingDescription: The Pricing Unit represents a provider-specified measurement unit for determining unit prices, indicating how the provider rates measured usage and purchase quantities after applying pricing rules like block pricing. Common examples include the number of hours for compute appliance runtime (e.g. Hours), gigabyte-hours for a storage appliance (e.g., GB-Hours), or an accumulated count of requests for a network appliance or API service (e.g., 1000 Requests). Pricing Unit complements the Pricing Quantity metric. Distinct from the Usage Unit, it focuses on pricing and cost, not resource and service consumption, often at a coarser granularity.
Column ID: PricingUnit
Display Name: Pricing Unit
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Provider
The name of the entity that made the resources or services available for purchase.
BillingLineage of Chargev1.0v1.1×Provider
BillingLineage of ChargeDescription: A Provider is an entity that makes the resources or services available for purchase. It is commonly used for cost analysis and reporting scenarios.
Column ID: ProviderName
Display Name: Provider
Related Use Cases
Analyze tag coverage Report costs by service category and subcategory Analyze capacity reservations on compute costs Identify unused capacity reservations Report refunds by subaccount within a billing period Analyze costs by service name Report spending across billing periods for a provider by service category Analyze service costs by region Report service costs by providers subaccount Analyze service costs month over month Report costs by service category Report refunds in a billing period Report effective cost of compute Report commitment discount purchases Determine Effective Savings Rate by Service Determine Effective Savings Rate Analyze the different metered costs for a particular SKU Analyze resource costs by SKU Analyze marketplace vendors costs Analyze costs by availability zone for a subaccount Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount, region, and service Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount and region Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount Update budgets for each application Update budgets with billed costs Report subaccounts by region Get historical usage and rates to enable cost forecasting Forecast cashflow month over month based on historical trends by service Forecast amortized costs month over month based on historical trends Compare resource usage month over month Verify all discounts were applied Verify accuracy of services charges across providers Verify accuracy of provider invoices Identify unused commitments Allocate multi-currency charges per application Compare billed cost per subaccount to budgetRelated Capabilities
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Publisher
The name of the entity that produced the resources or services that were purchased.
Lineage of ChargeSKUv1.0v1.1×Publisher
Lineage of ChargeSKUDescription: A Publisher is an entity that produces the resources or services that were purchased. It is commonly used for cost analysis and reporting scenarios.
Column ID: PublisherName
Display Name: Publisher
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Region ID
Provider-assigned identifier for an isolated geographic area where a resource is provisioned or a service is provided.
Locationv1.0v1.1×Region ID
LocationDescription: A Region ID is a provider-assigned identifier for an isolated geographic area where a resource is provisioned or a service is provided. The region is commonly used for scenarios like analyzing cost and unit prices based on where resources are deployed.
Column ID: RegionId
Display Name: Region ID
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Region Name
The name of an isolated geographic area where a resource is provisioned or a service is provided.
Locationv1.0v1.1×Region Name
LocationDescription: Region Name is a provider-assigned display name for an isolated geographic area where a resource is provisioned or a service is provided. Region Name is commonly used for scenarios like analyzing cost and unit prices based on where resources are deployed.
Column ID: RegionName
Display Name: Region Name
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Resource ID
Identifier assigned to a resource by the provider.
Resource Informationv1.0v1.1×Resource ID
Resource InformationDescription: A Resource ID is an identifier assigned to a resource by the provider. The Resource ID is commonly used for cost reporting, analysis, and allocation scenarios.
Column ID: ResourceId
Display Name: Resource ID
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Resource Name
Display name assigned to a resource.
Resource Informationv1.0v1.1×Resource Name
Resource InformationDescription: The Resource Name is a display name assigned to a resource. It is commonly used for cost analysis, reporting, and allocation scenarios.
Column ID: ResourceName
Display Name: Resource Name
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Resource Type
The kind of resource the charge applies to.
Resource Informationv1.0v1.1×Resource Type
Resource InformationDescription: Resource Type describes the kind of resource the charge applies to. A Resource Type is commonly used for scenarios like identifying cost changes in groups of similar resources and may include values like Virtual Machine, Data Warehouse, and Load Balancer.
Column ID: ResourceType
Display Name: Resource Type
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Service Category
Highest-level classification of a service based on the core function of the service.
Service Detailsv1.0v1.1×Service Category
Service DetailsDescription: The Service Category is the highest-level classification of aservice based on the core function of the service. Each service should have one and only one category that best aligns with its primary purpose. The Service Category is commonly used for scenarios like analyzing costs across providers and tracking the migration of workloads across fundamentally different architectures.
Column ID: ServiceCategory
Display Name: Service Category
Related Use Cases
Report costs by service category and subcategory Analyze capacity reservations on compute costs Report refunds by subaccount within a billing period Report spending across billing periods for a provider by service category Report costs by service category Report refunds in a billing period Report effective cost of compute Analyze cost per compute service for a subaccount Get historical usage and rates to enable cost forecasting Forecast cashflow month over month based on historical trends by service Forecast amortized costs month over month based on historical trendsRelated Capabilities
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Service Name
The Service Name is a display name for the offering that was purchased. The Service Name is commonly used for scenarios like analyzing aggregate cost trends over time and filtering data to investigate anomalies.
Service Detailsv1.0v1.1×Service Name
Service DetailsDescription: A service represents an offering that can be purchased from a provider (e.g., cloud virtual machine, SaaS database, professional services from a systems integrator). A service offering can include various types of usage or other charges. For example, a cloud database service may include compute, storage, and networking charges.
The Service Name is a display name for the offering that was purchased. The Service Name is commonly used for scenarios like analyzing aggregate cost trends over time and filtering data to investigate anomalies.
Column ID: ServiceName
Display Name: Service Name
Related Use Cases
Analyze costs by service name Report spending across billing periods for a provider by service category Analyze service costs by region Report service costs by providers subaccount Analyze service costs month over month Report refunds in a billing period Report effective cost of compute Analyze cost per compute service for a subaccount Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount, region, and service Get historical usage and rates to enable cost forecasting Forecast cashflow month over month based on historical trends by service Forecast amortized costs month over month based on historical trends Compare resource usage month over month Verify all discounts were applied Verify accuracy of services charges across providers Analyze service costs by subaccountRelated Capabilities
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Service Subcategory
Secondary classification of the Service Category for a service based on its core function.
Service Detailsv1.1×Service Subcategory
Service DetailsDescription: The Service Subcategory is a secondary classification of the Service Category for a service based on its core function. The Service Subcategory (in conjunction with the Service Category) is commonly used for scenarios like analyzing spend and usage for specific workload types across providers and tracking the migration of workloads across fundamentally different architectures.
Column ID: ServiceSubcategory
Display Name: Service Subcategory
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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SKU ID
A unique identifier that defines a provider-supported construct for organizing properties that are common across one or more SKU Prices.
SKUv1.0v1.1×SKU ID
SKUDescription: A SKU ID is a unique identifier that defines a provider-supported construct for organizing properties that are common across one or more SKU Prices. SKU ID can be referenced on a catalog or price list published by a provider to look up detailed information about the SKU. The composition of the properties associated with the SKU ID may differ across providers. Some providers may not support the SKU construct and instead associate all such properties directly with the SKU Price. SKU ID is commonly used for analyzing cost based on SKU-related properties above the pricing constructs.
Column ID: SkuId
Display Name: SKU ID
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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SKU Meter
Describes the functionality being metered or measured by a particular SKU in a charge.
SKUv1.1×SKU Meter
SKUDescription: The SKU Meter describes the functionality being metered or measured by a particular SKU in a charge.
Providers often have billing models in which multiple SKUs exist for a given service to describe and bill for different functionalities for that service. For example, an object storage service may have separate SKUs for functionalities such as object storage, API requests, data transfer, encryption, and object management. This field helps practitioners understand which functionalities are being metered by the different SKUs that appear in a FOCUS dataset.Column ID: SkuMeter
Display Name: SKU Meter
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SKU Price Details
A set of properties of a SKU Price ID which are meaningful and common to all instances of that SKU Price ID.
SKUv1.1×SKU Price Details
SKUDescription: The SKU Price Details column represents a list of relevant properties shared by all charges with the same SKU Price ID. These properties provide qualitative and quantitative details about the service represented by a SKU Price ID. This can enable practitioners to calculate metrics such as total units of a service when it is not directly billed in those units (e.g. cores) and thus enables FinOps capabilities such as unit economics. These properties can also help a practitioner understand the specifics of a SKU Price ID and differentiate it other SKU Price IDs.
Column ID: SkuPriceDetails
Display Name: SKU Price Details
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SKU Price ID
A unique identifier that defines the unit price used to calculate the charge.
SKUv1.0v1.1×SKU Price ID
SKUDescription: A SKU Price ID is a unique identifier that defines the unit price used to calculate the charge. SKU Price ID can be referenced on a price list published by a provider to look up detailed information, including a corresponding list unit price. The composition of the properties associated with the SKU Price ID may differ across providers. SKU Price ID is commonly used for analyzing cost based on pricing properties such as Terms and Tiers.
Column ID: SkuPriceId
Display Name: SKU Price ID
Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
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Sub Account ID
An ID assigned to a grouping of resources or services, often used to manage access and/or cost.
Account Hierarchyv1.0v1.1×Sub Account ID
Account HierarchyDescription: A Sub Account ID is a provider-assigned identifier assigned to a sub account. Sub Account ID is commonly used for scenarios like grouping based on organizational constructs, access management needs, and cost allocation strategies.
Column ID: SubAccountId
Display Name: Sub Account ID
Related Use Cases
Report refunds by subaccount within a billing period Analyze costs by service name Report service costs by providers subaccount Report effective cost of compute Analyze cost per compute service for a subaccount Analyze costs by availability zone for a subaccount Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount, region, and service Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount and region Identify anomalous daily spending by subaccount Report subaccounts by region Analyze service costs by subaccount Compare billed cost per subaccount to budgetRelated Capabilities
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Sub Account Name
A name assigned to a grouping of resources or services, often used to manage access and/or cost.
Account Hierarchyv1.0v1.1×Sub Account Name
Account HierarchyDescription: A Sub Account Name is a display name assigned to a sub account. Sub account Name is commonly used for scenarios like grouping based on organizational constructs, access management needs, and cost allocation strategies.
Column ID: SubAccountName
Display Name: Sub Account Name
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Tags
The set of tags assigned to tag sources that account for potential provider-defined or user-defined tag evaluations.
Resource Informationv1.0v1.1×Tags
Resource InformationTags
The Tags column represents the set of tags assigned to tag sources that also account for potential provider-defined or user- defined tag evaluations. Tags are commonly used for scenarios like adding business context to billing data to identify and accurately allocate charges. Tags may also be referred to by providers using other terms such as labels.
A tag becomes finalized when a single value is selected from a set of possible tag values assigned to the tag key. When supported by a provider, this can occur when a tag value is set by provider-defined or user-defined rules.
Provider-Defined vs. User-Defined Tags
This example illustrates three different tagging scenarios. The first two illustrate when the provider supports both keys and values, while the third is for supporting keys only. The first tag is user-defined and doesn’t have a provider prefix. The second tag is provider-defined and has a prefix of
acme/, which is reserved by the provider. The third tag has a tag key ofbazand its value is assigned the boolean valuetruesince the tag doesn’t support a value.{
"foo": "bar",
"acme/foo": "bar",
"baz": true,
}Finalized Tags
Within a provider, tag keys may be associated with multiple values, and potentially defined at different levels within the provider, such as accounts, folders, resource and other resource grouping constructs. When finalizing, providers must reduce these multiple levels of definition to a single value where each key is associated with exactly one value. The method by which this is done and the semantics are up to each provider but must be documented within their respective documentation.
As an example, let’s assume 1 sub account exists with 1 virtual machine with the following details, and tag inheritance favors Resources over Sub Accounts.
- Sub Account
- id: my-sub-account
- user-defined tags: team:ops, env:prod
- Virtual Machine
- id: my-vm
- user-defined tags: team:web
The table below represents a finalized billing dataset with these resources. It also shows the finalized state after all resource- oriented, tag inheritance rules are processed.
RESOURCE TYPE RESOURCE ID TAGS Sub Account my-sub-account { “team”: “ops”, “env”: “prod” } Virtual Machine my-vm { “team”: “web”, “env”: “prod” } Because the the Virtual Machine Resource did not have an
envtag, it inherited tagenv:prod(italicized), from its parent sub account. Conversely, because the Virtual Machine Resource already has ateamtag (team:web), it did not inheritteam:opsfrom its parent sub account.Related Use Cases
Related Capabilities
- Sub Account